New Test

Вопрос B3

A. In 55 BC the great Roman Julius Caesar brought an army across the sea from France. For four hundred years, England was part of the Roman Empire. When the Romans first arrived, there were many different groups of people on the Isles. Each group had its own king. They didn’t think of themselves as ‘British’, but the Romans called the people from all these groups ‘'Britons’'.

B. In 409 AD the Roman army left Britain to fight in other parts of the Empire. Soon after this, invaders from present-day Germany and Denmark, the Angles and Saxons, came to Britain. Their armies destroyed everything in their path, and the roman way of life disappeared from Britain. Many Britons moved west to escape the invaders. By the 7th century, groups of Britons were in control of present-day Scotland, Wales and Cornwall, but the Angles and Saxons ruled the rest of Britain. People started call this area ‘Angle-land’. Later its name became England.

C. It was 1066, and Edward, King of England, was dead. He had no children. The most important people in the country met to choose a new king. They chose Harold who wasn’t a blood relative of King Edward, but he was the Queen’s brother. He was a popular man for the job.

D. But other powerful men wanted to be king too. One of them was the King of Norway, Harold Hardrada, a few months after King Edward’s death his army invaded the north of England. King Harold of England went north, defeated the invaders and killed King Harold of Norway. But three days later, there was more bad news.

 E. William of Normandy (in the north of France) was on the south coast of England with an army. "Before King Edward died, he chose me as the next king," he said. Perhaps this was true. Edward’s mother was a Norman and Edward lived in Normandy as a child. He preferred Normans to the people of England. So Harold raced south with his army. William was waiting for him at Hastings. At the end of the battle, Harold was dead and William of Normandy was William the Conqueror, King of England.

F. William the Conqueror had to fight other Saxon armies in England after Harold was defeated. But then he was able to build a new, Norman England. By 1068, he owned all the land. He asked his Norman friends to look after it for him. They made money from the farmland and paid some of it to the king. They also used the money to pay for Norman soldiers. Each Norman lord built a home with strong, high walls and lived there with his private army. The Saxons owned nothing. They belonged to the Norman lords.

G. For more than two hundred years the language of government and literature was the Normans’ language, French. The Saxons continued to speak their own language, Anglo-Saxon, with some Scandinavian words. The Saxons' language finally grew into modern English, but as a result of the Norman invasion, half the words in today’s English language come from French.

 Установите соответствие между заголовками 1-8 и текстами A-G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

A new name

Victory over another rival

The long arms of the empire

Powerful masters

Strong ties

Survived and enriched

Triumphant winner